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Security operations centre analysts watch an organisation's systems for signs of attack and act on what they find. The role is alert-driven and procedure-heavy, and because monitoring rarely stops at the end of the working day it often runs on shifts.
Certificate or college diplomaInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Penetration testers are paid to attack systems with permission, to find weaknesses before someone else does. Every engagement runs inside an agreed written scope, and the deliverable is a report that explains each finding, its impact, and how to fix it.
Varies by employer or jurisdictionInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Information security managers own an organisation's security programme rather than any single system. They set policy, direct a security team, decide which risks are accepted or funded, and answer to leadership, auditors, and regulators for those decisions.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Systems analysts sit between the people who need a system and the people who build it. They study how work is done now, specify what a system must do, and check that what gets delivered actually solves the original problem.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Embedded software developers write the code that runs inside physical products, from appliances and vehicles to medical and industrial equipment. Memory, power, and timing are tight, and testing usually means working with real hardware on a bench.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
IT managers run the teams and services that keep an organisation's technology working. The job is mostly people, budgets, suppliers, and priorities rather than hands-on technical work, though a technical background is usually what gets someone there.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity