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Software developers design, write, and maintain the programs that run on computers, phones, and servers. Much of the work is reading existing code, breaking a requirement into small changes, and checking that a change behaves correctly before it reaches users.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Full-stack developers work across both the interface and the services behind it, following a feature from the screen through to the database. The breadth is the point: it suits smaller teams where one person needs to carry a change end to end.
Varies by employer or jurisdictionInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Software quality assurance analysts check that software does what it is supposed to do before it reaches users. They design test cases from requirements, run them against new builds, and write up defects clearly enough for a developer to reproduce and fix.
Certificate or college diplomaInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Site reliability engineers keep production systems running and treat reliability as an engineering problem rather than a manual chore. They set service level objectives, automate away repetitive operational work, and lead the response when something breaks. On-call rotations are a normal part of the role.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Solutions architects decide how a system should be put together to meet a business need, then explain that decision to both engineers and non-technical stakeholders. Much of the value is in the trade-offs: what to build, what to buy, and what constraints the design has to respect.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Data analysts turn raw records into answers people can act on. A large share of the job is unglamorous: finding the right data, cleaning it, checking it against what stakeholders actually meant, and then presenting the result honestly, including its limits.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Data scientists use statistics and programming to answer questions that simple reporting cannot, such as predicting an outcome or estimating the effect of a change. They frame the problem, build and validate a model, and communicate how much confidence the result actually deserves.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Business intelligence analysts build the reporting layer an organisation runs on. They agree what each metric means, model the underlying data, and produce dashboards that managers can read without needing an analyst in the room.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Cybersecurity analysts protect an organisation's systems and data from attack and misuse. The work combines monitoring and investigation with prevention: assessing risks, hardening configurations, and helping other teams build with security in mind.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Security operations centre analysts watch an organisation's systems for signs of attack and act on what they find. The role is alert-driven and procedure-heavy, and because monitoring rarely stops at the end of the working day it often runs on shifts.
Certificate or college diplomaInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Penetration testers are paid to attack systems with permission, to find weaknesses before someone else does. Every engagement runs inside an agreed written scope, and the deliverable is a report that explains each finding, its impact, and how to fix it.
Varies by employer or jurisdictionInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Information security managers own an organisation's security programme rather than any single system. They set policy, direct a security team, decide which risks are accepted or funded, and answer to leadership, auditors, and regulators for those decisions.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity
Systems analysts sit between the people who need a system and the people who build it. They study how work is done now, specify what a system must do, and check that what gets delivered actually solves the original problem.
Bachelor's degreeInformation technology, data and cybersecurity